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How do teilen, verteilen, einteilen and mitteilen differ?

Teilen means divide or share. Verteilen distributes something among people or across places. Einteilen organizes something into parts, groups or a schedule, and can assign people to tasks. Mitteilen communicates information to someone. English share can describe both sharing a cake and sharing news, but German constructions differ. Learn the objects and recipients with the verbs: a cake can be geteilt or verteilt; working time can be eingeteilt; a change of date can be mitgeteilt.

All German word comparisons · Back to the topic overview

Meaning, sentence patterns and examples

At a glance
WordCore meaningTypical contextGrammar
teilendivide; shareParts or something held in commonWeak: teilt, teilte, hat geteilt; no separable prefix. Etwas teilen takes accusative. Mit jemandem teilen uses mit + dative; in Teile teilen uses in + accusative.
verteilendistributeRecipients or places receiving portionsInseparable ver-. Weak: verteilt, verteilte, hat verteilt. Etwas verteilen takes accusative; an + accusative can name recipients, auf + accusative an allocation across groups.
einteilendivide into categories; organize or allocateGroups, schedules and suppliesSeparable ein-: teilt ein, hat eingeteilt. Etwas/jemanden einteilen takes accusative. In Gruppen einteilen uses in + accusative; zum Dienst can name an assigned role.
mitteilentell; communicateInformation sent to a recipientSeparable mit-: teilt mit, hat mitgeteilt. Jemandem etwas mitteilen: recipient dative, information accusative. For a clause: jemandem mitteilen, dass … .

teilen

Meaning and usage: Teilen can split a whole or mean share something with another person. You can share a room, food or an opinion. Digital sharing is another familiar use. The word does not always mean equal portions: that information must come from context.

Grammar: Weak: teilt, teilte, hat geteilt; no separable prefix. Etwas teilen takes accusative. Mit jemandem teilen uses mit + dative; in Teile teilen uses in + accusative.

Ich teile die Pizza mit meiner Schwester.

I share the pizza with my sister.

verteilen

Meaning and usage: Verteilen emphasizes getting things to several recipients or locations. It can distribute leaflets, money or tasks, and spread a substance over a surface. Equal distribution is possible but not built into the verb: add gleichmäßig or gerecht if that matters.

Grammar: Inseparable ver-. Weak: verteilt, verteilte, hat verteilt. Etwas verteilen takes accusative; an + accusative can name recipients, auf + accusative an allocation across groups.

Die Lehrerin verteilt die Blätter an die Klasse.

The teacher distributes the sheets to the class.

einteilen

Meaning and usage: Einteilen focuses on arranging parts or deciding how resources will be used. It is practical for organizing your time, dividing people into groups or assigning a shift. The emphasis is the organization, not physically passing an item around.

Grammar: Separable ein-: teilt ein, hat eingeteilt. Etwas/jemanden einteilen takes accusative. In Gruppen einteilen uses in + accusative; zum Dienst can name an assigned role.

Wir teilen die Teilnehmenden in drei Gruppen ein.

We divide the participants into three groups.

mitteilen

Meaning and usage: Mitteilen informs someone of something relevant. It suits official messages but is not restricted to them. The content can be an accusative noun or a clause. Sich mitteilen also exists for expressing yourself or confiding in someone.

Grammar: Separable mit-: teilt mit, hat mitgeteilt. Jemandem etwas mitteilen: recipient dative, information accusative. For a clause: jemandem mitteilen, dass … .

Bitte teilen Sie mir Ihre neue Adresse mit.

Please tell me your new address.

Overlap and context

Sharing information can be etwas mit jemandem teilen or jemandem etwas mitteilen, depending on emphasis and context. They are not interchangeable word for word. Verteilen and einteilen can both concern tasks, but one presents distribution while the other presents organizing or assigning them. Watch the entire construction, not only the English translation.

Common mistakes

  • Do not confuse mit in mit jemandem teilen with the separable prefix in mitteilen.
  • Use mir, not mich, for the recipient in Teilen Sie mir den Termin mit.

Memory aid: Teilen splits or shares; verteilen spreads out; einteilen organizes; mitteilen tells. Picture a cake, a stack of sheets, a schedule and a message.

Try it

You want someone to tell you the new date. Complete with the pronoun for me: Kannst du ___ den neuen Termin mitteilen?

Show the answer

mir

Mitteilen gives the recipient dative case: jemandem etwas mitteilen.

Sources for meaning and usage

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