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Home / Es gibt: meaning, accusative and tense in German

How do I use es gibt to say what exists or is available?

Use es gibt to present existence or availability. Es remains the subject, while the introduced noun phrase takes accusative and does not control the verb’s number.

The es gibt existence construction

The es gibt construction
FunctionOriginal exampleTest
ExistenceHier gibt es einen Aufzug.es gibt + accusative; es stays.

Build es gibt with the accusative

Existence across time
TimeExampleWhat to notice
PresentIm Haus gibt es einen Keller und zwei Balkone.gibt stays singular; einen Keller is accusative.
PastFrüher gab es hier einen Laden.The verb changes tense: gab.
PerfectEs hat mehrere Beschwerden gegeben.hat + gegeben; the plural object does not control agreement.
FutureBald wird es mehr Termine geben.wird + geben; es remains the subject.

Hier ist ein Park is also grammatical: it locates or identifies a park. Hier gibt es einen Park presents its existence or availability. Choose by the message, not by a rule that only es gibt can introduce a place. For weather vocabulary, continue with the weather guide.

Choose the form and explain the meaning

5. Complete: “Hier gibt es ___ kleinen Supermarkt.”

einen: es gibt takes an accusative noun phrase.

6. Correct “In der Straße geben es viele Cafés.”

In der Straße gibt es viele Cafés. Plural Cafés is the object, not the subject.

7. Past existence: “Früher ___ es hier eine Schule.”

gab: Früher gab es hier eine Schule. The tense changes, not the construction’s case.

Start with the topic overview

Es, das or dies: referring back in German · Find another grammar topic

Questions about this topic

Why not es geben for several things?

In the present-tense existence construction, es is the subject and gibt is singular. The things introduced are accusative objects.

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