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Home / German jeder: each/every and case forms

How do I use jeder and choose its ending?

Jeder usually refers to each member separately and accompanies a singular noun. Its ending follows gender and case. It is a quantifier, not a demonstrative; ordinary plural reference to all members uses alle.

Jeder: individual members and case forms

Jeder means each/every, so it is a quantifier rather than a demonstrative. It normally takes a singular noun: Jeder Teilnehmer bekommt eine Karte. With a noun, its masculine endings are jeder/jeden/jedem/jedes; feminine jede/jede/jeder/jeder; neuter jedes/jedes/jedem/jedes. For an ordinary plural “all participants,” use alle Teilnehmer. For a stand-alone reference to an item, make sure the gender and case are still recoverable.

Identify the grammatical role

The mixed check also uses derselbe. In the phrase den Raum, its masculine accusative form is denselben Raum. Keep this demonstrative form separate from jeder, which quantifies over the individual members.

Check the construction in context

Choose your answer before opening the explanation. Check the whole phrase as well as the form.

8. Repair: Jede Teilnehmer nutzt den selbe Raum.

Jeder Teilnehmer nutzt denselben Raum. Jeder agrees with masculine nominative; denselben is one word in masculine accusative.

Choose a singular form for each member

Use jeder when you look at the members of a group individually. With an ordinary singular noun, the finite verb is singular too. Then find the case from the clause or the preposition and choose gender and case: jeder Teilnehmer, jeden Teilnehmer, mit jedem Teilnehmer. For a plural noun, use the appropriate plural construction, such as alle Teilnehmer; do not attach jeder unchanged to a plural.

Two worked examples

Jede Teilnehmerin erhält einen Lageplan. Jede agrees with feminine singular Teilnehmerin. The singular subject takes erhält.

Die Kursleitung spricht mit jedem Teilnehmer. Mit requires dative. Masculine singular therefore has jedem; the noun remains Teilnehmer.

Apply the pattern

Additional check 1. Complete with the right form of jeder: Ich begrüße ___ Teilnehmer. The meaning is each individual participant.

Ich begrüße jeden Teilnehmer. Begrüßen takes an accusative object here. Masculine singular requires jeden.

Additional check 2. Choose the form matching the plural: Jeder / Alle Teilnehmer bekommen einen Plan.

Alle Teilnehmer bekommen einen Plan. Teilnehmer and bekommen are plural here. The ordinary jeder construction would be Jeder Teilnehmer bekommt einen Plan.

Additional check 3. Complete with jeder: Wir arbeiten mit ___ Gruppe einzeln.

Wir arbeiten mit jeder Gruppe einzeln. Mit requires dative; Gruppe is feminine singular. Einzeln makes the separate treatment explicit.

Start with the topic overview

German articles: definite, indefinite and no article · Find another grammar topic

Questions about this topic

Is jeder a demonstrative?

It is a quantifier meaning each/every. Similar endings do not make its meaning the same as dieser.

Sources and further learning

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