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Home / German Futur II: completion before a checkpoint

How do I form Futur II and use it for completion?

Futur II can present an event as completed by a later reference point. Build it with werden, Partizip II and haben or sein. The perfect auxiliary follows the underlying verb construction.

Start with what you mean

Use a completion perspective when a later checkpoint matters: Bis Freitag werde ich den Entwurf überarbeitet haben. places the finished revision before Friday’s checkpoint. Futur II is useful here, but it is not compulsory in every sentence containing bis.

Futur II: participle plus haben or sein

Combine present werden with the perfect infinitive: Partizip II + haben or sein. The auxiliary choice follows the verb’s perfect construction: überarbeitet haben but angekommen sein. Do not conjugate haben/sein again. The two forms at the end describe completion, rather than adding another independent action.

Future completion in three clause types
ConstructionOriginal example
Main clauseBis Freitag werde ich alles vorbereitet haben.
QuestionWirst du bis acht Uhr angekommen sein?
Subordinate clauseIch hoffe, dass sie bis acht Uhr angekommen sein wird.

Check the construction in context

Choose your answer before opening the explanation. Check the whole phrase as well as the form.

5. Futur II of Ich habe die Datei gespeichert. with bis dahin.

Bis dahin werde ich die Datei gespeichert haben. Gespeichert haben is the perfect infinitive.

6. Choose the final auxiliary: Sie wird bis neun angekommen haben / sein.

Sie wird bis neun angekommen sein. Ankommen forms its perfect with sein.

Start with the topic overview

German future forms: Präsens, Futur I and Futur II · Find another grammar topic

Questions about this topic

Does Futur II always refer to the future?

No. It can express a completed event before a future checkpoint or a present assumption about an earlier event. Context separates the readings.

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